UNIT FOURTEEN

CONDITIONALS!!!

HEY!!! 😕 WHAT IS A CONDITIONAL?

DO YOU REMEMBER WHEN OUR PARENTS CONDITIONED US?  😌

TO DO SOMETHING WE DID NOT LIKE AT ALL

TO EAT UP SOMETHING THAT WAS DISGUSTING BUT NUTRITIOUS

 AND IN EXCHANGE THEY PROMISED TO GIVE US SOMETHING OR TO TAKE US SOMEWHERE WE WANTED???? 😎 WELL THAT IS A CONDITION!!!😊

BY DEFINITION WE SAY:

2.

GRAMMAR

(of a clause, phrase, conjunction, or verb form) expressing a condition.

IN ENGLISH THERE ARE FOUR CONDITIONALS: 

• CONDITIONAL ZERO WHICH INVOLVES ANY COMBINATION OF TENSES.
• FIRST CONDITIONAL THAT USES SIMPLE PRESENT AND SIMPLE FUTURE
• SECOND CONDITIONAL WHICH HAS SIMPLE PAST AND "WOULD"
• THIRD CONDITIONAL WHICH USES PAST PERFECT AND MODALS IN PAST

DURING THIS UNIT WE WILL BE CHECKING THE FIRST AND SECOND CONDITIONAL IN A DIRECT FORM BECAUSE WE HAVE ALREADY SEEN THE TENSES INVOLVED.

TO SEE THE THIRD CONDITIONAL IT WILL BE NECESSARY TO CHECK FIRST THE MODAL AUXILIARIES IN THEIR PAST FORM TO UNDERSTAND THE INCLUSION OF THEM INTO THE CONDITIONAL STRUCTURE.

THE FIRST CONDITIONAL

TENSES INVOLVED: SIMPLE PRESENT AND FUTURE

USE: TO GIVE REAL CONDITIONS IN REAL PRESENT AND/OR PREDICTIONS

GRAMMAR SECUENCE:

IN AFFIRMATIVE 

IF + 😗 + VERB IN SIMPLE PRESENT + →→→→ , 😗 +  WILL +  VERB IN SIMPLE FORM +  →→→→

IN NEGATIVE

IF + 😗+ DON'T   + VERB IN  + →→→→ , 😗 +  WILL  NOT +  VERB IN SIMPLE FORM +  →→→→

               DOESN'T    SIMPLE 

                                   FORM

POSSIBLE COMBINATIONS OF CLAUSES:             POSITIVE-NEGATIVE

                                                                                    POSITIVE.POSITIVE

                                                                                    NEGATIVE-POSITIVE

                                                                                    NEGATIVE-NEGATIVE

ALWAYS RESPECTING THE RULES OF EACH TENSE.

SO...

1. IF YOU DON'T TURN OFF THE LIGHT WHILE NOT BEING IN A ROOM, YOU WILL PAY A LOT OF MONEY IN EACH TICKET
2. IF YOU EAT A LOT OF SPICY FOOD, YOU WILL HAVE A STOMACHACHE
3. IF A PERSON PLANS HIS DAILY ACTIVITIES, HE WON'T BE STRESSED RUNNING OUT OF TIME
4. IF HUMAN BEINGS DO NOT REACT BEFORE IT IS TOO LATE, HUMANITY WON'T LAST MORE TIME.

hey!!!I HAVE NEWS FOR YOU!!! ALL THE SENTENCES CAN BE THE OTHER WAY AROUND!!!
AND THE KEEP THE SAME MEANING! IT'S JUST LIKE SWITCHING THEM!!! ↶↷

LOOK!!! 👀

1.  YOU WILL PAY A LOT OF MONEY IN EACH TICKET IF YOU DON'T TURN OFF THE LIGHT WHILE NOT BEING IN A ROOM,
2.  YOU WILL HAVE A STOMACHACHE IF YOU EAT A LOT OF SPICY FOOD,
3. HE WON'T BE STRESSED RUNNING OUT OF TIME IF A PERSON PLANS HIS DAILY ACTIVITIES  
4. , HUMANITY WON'T LAST MORE TIME IF HUMAN BEINGS DO NOT REACT BEFORE IT IS TOO LATE

DID YOU NOTICE THA T THE COMA (,) DISAPPEARED??? OF COURSE IT HAPPENS BECAUSE NOW THE HALF OF THE SENTENCE IS DIVIDED BY THE ELEMENT "IF" WHICH MEANS "SI" AS A CONDITION , NOT AS AN AFFIRMATIVE RESPONSE.

REMEMBER: FIRST CONDITIONAL USES SIMPLE PRESENT AND SIMPLE FUTURE

ACTIVITY 1: COMPLETE THE NEXT IDEAS ACCORDING TO YOUR OWN EXPRERIENCE AND WAY OF THINKING

1. IF YOU FEEL DEPRESSED ____________________________________________
2. IF THE PHONE RINGS AT MIDNIGHT ____________________________________
3. WE'LL TRY HARDER _________________________________________________
4. THE PLANET WILL PROTECT ITSELF ___________________________________

ACTIVITY 2: MAKE FULL SENTENCES USING THE VERBS IN PARENTHESIS IN THE ORDER AND FORMAT THAT YOU DECIDE, USE FIRST CONDITIONAL

1. (WORK,FEEL)_______________________________________________________
2. (DRINK,DRIVE)______________________________________________________
3. (WATCH,LEARN)_____________________________________________________
4. (PRACTICE,GET)____________________________________________________
5. (MAKE,GROW)______________________________________________________

ACTIVITY 3: MAKE A DIAGRAM OF SECUENCES IN WHICH THE GOAL IS TO LEARN ENGLISH, FOLLOW THE SECUENCE...

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THE SECOND CONDITIONAL

TENSES INVOLVED: SIMPLE PAST AND "WOULD"

USE: TO GIVE UNREAL CONDITIONS IN PRESENT 

GRAMMAR SECUENCE:

IN AFFIRMATIVE 

IF + 😗 + VERB IN SIMPLE PAST + →→→→ , 😗 +  WOULD +  VERB IN SIMPLE FORM +  →→→→

IN NEGATIVE

IF + 😗+ DIDN'T   + VERB IN  + →→→→ , 😗 +  WOULD  NOT +  VERB IN SIMPLE FORM +  →→→→

                                 SIMPLE                                        (WOULDN'T)

                                   FORM

POSSIBLE COMBINATIONS OF CLAUSES:             POSITIVE-NEGATIVE

                                                                                    POSITIVE.POSITIVE

                                                                                    NEGATIVE-POSITIVE

                                                                                    NEGATIVE-NEGATIVE

ALWAYS RESPECTING THE RULES OF EACH TENSE.

👀👀👀👀👀👀👀👀👀 AT THE IMAGE BELOW!!!

ONE OF THE MOST TYPICAL DREAMS OR WISHES WE EXPRESS IS TO BECOME A MILLIONAIRE, IN THIS WAY I ASK YOU TO THINK ABOUT IT AND CHECK THE NEXT EXAMPLES...

1. IF I HAD A LOT OF MONEY , I WOULD CREATE DIFFERENT CHARITY ASSOCIATIONS FOR HOMELESS ANIMALS
2. IF I WON THE LOTTERY, I WOULD NOT BECOME A SPOILED PERSON
3. IF YOU DIDN'T CONTINUE OUR FRIENDSHIP DUE TO MY WEALTHNESS, I WOULD FEEL VERY DISPPOINTED OF YOU.
4. IF I DIDN'T HELP THE POOR, LIFE WOUL NOT KEEP ME WITH GOOD ENERGY.

REMEMBER THIS HINT??? ...    ↶↷   YEAHHHH!!!  
SENTENCES CAN ALSO BE SWITCHED THE OTHER WAY AROUND.
LOOK!!! 👀

1. I WOULD CREATE DIFFERENT CHARITY ASSOCIATIONS FOR HOMELESS ANIMALS IF I HAD A LOT OF MONEY 
2. I WOULD NOT BECOME A SPOILED PERSON IF I WON THE LOTTERY
3. I WOULD FEEL VERY DISPPOINTED OF YOU IF YOU DIDN'T CONTINUE OUR FRIENDSHIP DUE TO MY WEALTHNESS
4. LIFE WOUL NOT KEEP ME WITH GOOD ENERGY IF I DIDN'T HELP THE POOR

AND ONCE AGAIN THE COMA(,) DISAPPEARED!!! YOU KNOW!!! THE DIVISION OF THE CLAUSES IS THE ELEMENT "IF".

NOW CHECK THE NEXT IMAGES AND WRITE ONE SENTENCE PER IMAGE, THE POSSIBLE COMBINATIONS AS ALWAYS CAN BE:

POSITIVE-POSITIVE

NEGATIVE-NEGATIVE

POSITIVE-NEGATIVE

NEGATIVE-POSITIVE

1.-  _______________________________

2.-  _______________________________

3.- ________________________________

4.-  _______________________________

5.-  _______________________________

GENERAL ACTIVITY! 

Choose the correct form of the verbs to make first or second conditional sentences..

1If you will bearewould be free tonight, we might go out for a drink, or to the cinema.

2He iswill bewould be depressed if he fails the exam.

3If I didn't know you, I would thinkwill thinkthought you were crazy.

4Tell me the truth if you couldcanwill.

5If you had a bigger salary, you will buywould buybuy more unnecessary things.

6If it isn'twon't beweren't for Tom, I wouldn't be here.

7You should call me if you sawseewill see anything unusual.

8If they had this player, they wouldn't losewon't losedidn't lose a single match.

9Our lives would be much easier if you workworkedwould work closer to home.

10If I got a job in France, we will eatmight eatcan eat crêpes every day.

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MODAL AUXILIARIES IN PAST

• THEY ARE BASED ON THE APPLICATION OF THE MODAL AUXILIARIES ( ABILITIES, PERMISSION, ETC.) 
• THEY ALWAYS USE THE ELEMENT HAVE AS AN EXTRA AUXILIARY THAT HELPS THEM BECOME IN PAST.
• THEY ARE USED TO EXPRESS ACTIONS WHEN THERE'S NO REMEDY ABOUT IT. AS HYPOTETICAL SITUATIONS.

NOTE: IF YOU STILL HAVE TROUBLE TO RECOGNIZE TEH APPLICATION OF MODAL AUXILIARIES , YOU CAN CONSULT THE CHART IN THE NEXT LINK:
MODAL AUXILIARIES APPLICATION

NOW LET'S START WITH THE MODAL AUXILIARIES IN PAST!
THIS IS YOUR GRAMMAR SEQUENCE

REMEMBER: WHEN IT IS TOO LATE NOW AND YOU JUST EXPRESS THE IDEAS.

REMEMBER THIS??? CHECK THE IDEAS!!!


1.- ALBERT EINSTEIN MUST'VE KNOWN THE CONSEQUENCES OF CONTRIBUTING WITH THE FORMULA THAT LED TO THE CREATION OF THE LITTLE BOY (ATOMIC BOMB).
Albert Einstein debió de haber sabido las consecuencias de contribuir con la formula que guió a la creación de el pequeño(bomba atómica)
Observa que la intención de la oración es con carácter de obligación por la dureza de la accion expresada.
"debió de haber sabido" = "must've known

• NOW THINK!!! IS THERE A SOLUTION NOW? NO , THERE IS NOT, RIGHT??? IT ALREADY HAPPENED!!! UNFORTUNATELY

2.- THE MEXICAN GOVERNMENT MIGHT HAVE HAD BETTER ARCHITECTURAL CULTURE FOR AVOIDING THE BUILDING OF HIGH STRUCTURES ON A SWAMP FIELD.

El gobierno mexicano pudo haber tenido mejor cultura arquitectónica para evitar la construcción de estructuras altas en suelo pantanoso.

."pudo haber tenido"="might have had"

• again...IS THERE A SOLUTION NOW? NO , THERE IS NOT, RIGHT??? IT ALREADY HAPPENED!!! UNFORTUNATELY

DO YOU CATCH THE IDEA???? 

WELL THEN.. PRACTICE A LITTLE

GENERAL ACTIVITY :

Choose one of the following to complete the sentences.

---

Must have - Might have - Should have - Can't have

1. John  gone on holiday. I saw him this morning downtown.

2. Nobody answered the phone at the clinic. It  closed early.

3. I  revised more for my exams. I think I'll fail!

4. Sarah looks really pleased with herself. She  passed her driving test this morning.

5. I didn't know you were going to Phil's party yesterday. You  told me!

6. I can't believe Jim hasn't arrived yet. He  caught the wrong train.

7. I can't believe Jim hasn't arrived yet. He  caught the correct train.

8. Don't lie to me that you were ill yesterday. You  been ill - Don said you were at the ice hockey match last night.

9. I don't know where they went on holiday but they bought Euros before they left so they  gone to France or Germany.

10. His number was busy all night - he  been on the phone continuously for hours.

11. It  been Mickey I saw at the party. He didn't recognise me at all.

I THINK IT IS TIME FOR YOU TO SEE THE MODALS INCLUDED IN THE ...

THIRD CONDITIONAL

TENSES INVOLVED: SIMPLE PAST PARTICIPLE AND MODAL AUXIIARIES IN PAST

USE: TO GIVE UNREAL PRESENT, THINGS ALREADY HAPPENED AND THERE'S NO FIX ABOUT THEM 

GRAMMAR SECUENCE:

IN AFFIRMATIVE 

IF + 😗 + HAD + VERB IN PAST PARTICIPLE + →→→→ , 😗 +  MODAL + HAVE + VERB IN PAST PARTICIPLE +  →→→→

IN NEGATIVE

IF + 😗+ HADN'T   + VERB IN  + →→→→ , 😗 +  MODAL  NOT + HAVE + VERB IN PAST PARTICIPLE 

                           PAST PARTICIPLE                                        

                                   FORM

FORM +  →→→→

POSSIBLE COMBINATIONS OF CLAUSES:             POSITIVE-NEGATIVE

                                                                                    POSITIVE.POSITIVE

                                                                                    NEGATIVE-POSITIVE

                                                                                    NEGATIVE-NEGATIVE

ALWAYS RESPECTING THE RULES OF EACH TENSE.

👀👀👀👀👀👀👀👀👀 AT THE IMAGE BELOW!!!

IT IS SAID THAT BATS ARE THE SOURCE OF THE VIRUS                                                       NAMED COVID19 AND WE SAY...
1.- IF CHINESE PEOPLE HAD NOT EATEN BAT SOUP, THIS PANDEMIA MIGHT NOT HAVE OCCURED TO THE ENTIRE WORLD. 

• observe: ( si los chinos no hubieran comido sopa de murciélago, ésta epidemia no hubiese ocurrido al mundo entero)
• ( el uso de MIGHT marca la intención de la posibilidad en la segunda parte)
• (en ambas oraciones los verbos deben estar en pasado participio)

2.- IF CHINA HAD HAD BETTER ECOSISTEMS SUCH A PRODUCTIVE FISHING,  HUNTING AND AGRICULTURE FOR DIFFERENT FEEDING HABITS, PEOPLE WOULD HAVE HAD MORE OPTIONS TO CONSUME OTHER SPECIES NOT SO TOXIC.

• observe: ( si china hubiera tenido mejores ecosistemas tales como pesca y caza productiva así como agricultura para distintos hábitos de alimentación, la gente hubiese tenido mas opciones para consumir otras especies no tan toxicas)
• ( el uso de WOULD indica que la oración no está intencionada, de tal manera que el oyente puede interpretarla como mejor lo asuma)

• LA INTERPRETACIÓN EN ESPAÑOL EN LAS CLAUSULAS SUGIERE EL TAN USUAL, HUBIERA-HUBIESE. 

ACTIVITY 1: CLICK ON THE LINK TO ACCESS TO THE EXERCISE IN...

•   THIRD CONDITIONAL.

ACTIVITY 2: IN FIVE LINES MAKE A SERIOUS SELF ANALYSIS OF YOUR LIFE INCLUDING PROS AND CONS. USE THIRD CONDITIONAL. 

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